2011 cloudburst in Denmark
 | You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Danish. (May 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
|
 Istedgade street in central Copenhagen during the cloudburst | |
| Date | 2 July 2011 |
|---|---|
| Location | Denmark |
On 2 July 2011, a cloudburst hit parts of Zealand and the Greater Copenhagen area of Denmark. This resulted in the greatest recorded rainfall in 24 hours in the past 55 years. It caused an estimated DKK 6 billion in damage, notably including structural failures at the 17th-century fortress, Kastellet.
Cloudburst
[edit]The Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI) forecast a cloudburst on 2 July 2011 but did not expect the strength of the cloudburst that formed.[1] Rainfall in the Greater Copenhagen area was measured at 135.4 mm (5.33 in) on 2 July. This was the greatest recorded rainfall in 24 hours in the past 55 years. The previous record was 111.7 mm (4.40 in) measured in Ordrup, a suburb in the north of Copenhagen, on 1 August 1959.[1][2]
The cloudburst started in Hellerup at c. 19:00 and traveled in a south-westerly trajectory for approximately two hours, before dissipating north of Køge.[3]
In Zealand, more than 5,000 lightning strikes were recorded in three hours.[4]
Jørn Thomsen, a meteorologist for the DMI, described the cloudburst as the strongest ever measured in Copenhagen.[5]
Consequences
[edit]Health
[edit]The trauma center at Rigshospitalet had to be moved to Herlev Hospital after mud and water penetrated the facility and damaged equipment. At Hvidovre Hospital patients in the emergency department were sent home and management discussed whether to evacuate the entire hospital, including 450 bed-bound patients.[6]
A 2012 study of 257 workers who participated in the clean-up of the flood found that 22 per cent (56) became ill afterward.[7]
A 62-year-old man died on 19 July after contracting the rare disease leptospirosis. Danish medical research institute Statens Serum Institut stated that the infection probably occurred through contact with sewage water whilst cleaning a flooded basement after the cloudburst. Another case of leptospirosis was identified.[8][9]
The World Health Organization's European headquarters were closed after parts of the offices were flooded.[10]
Economy
[edit]The City of Copenhagen Parks and Nature Department estimated that the cloudburst caused DKK 6 billion ($1.04 billion) worth of damage.[11]
The incident resulted in 90,644 insurance claims, with the value of the claims totaling DKK 4.88 billion.[12]
Buildings and structures
[edit]The historic fortress Kastellet was badly damaged by floods following the cloudburst. In several places, the ramparts collapsed and several floors were destroyed.[13]
Transport
[edit]
The Helsingør motorway was blocked in both directions from Kildegårdsvej to Hans Knudsens Plads on 2 July. The Danish Emergency Management Agency (DEMA) pumped the water overnight on 3 July and the road was reopened on the morning of 4 July.[14]
Despite its location in underground tunnels, the Copenhagen Metro did not experience any operational problems, except that the elevators stopped working.[3]
Reforms
[edit]In May 2012, Copenhagen joined the United Nations Making Cities Resilient campaign.[15]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Andersen, Mai Maskell (8 July 2011). "Forventet skybrud men uventet styrke" [Expected cloudburst but unexpected strength]. Danish Meteorological Institute (in Danish). Archived from the original on 6 September 2012. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ "Skybrud var det værste målt i København" [Cloudburst was the worst measured in Copenhagen]. Danish Broadcasting Corporation (in Danish). 8 July 2011. Archived from the original on 13 March 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ a b "Redegørelse vedrørende skybruddet i Storkøbenhavn lørdag den 2. juli 2011" [Statement regarding the cloudburst in Greater Copenhagen on Saturday 2 July 2011] (PDF). Danish Emergency Management Agency. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Dreehsen, Louise Lyck (2 July 2011). "Skybrud, hagl og over 5000 lyn rammer København" [Cloudbursts, hail and over 5000 lightning strikes Copenhagen]. Berlingske (in Danish). Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Jellestad, Lars (4 July 2011). "Skybruddet er det værste nogensinde" [The cloudburst is the worst ever]. B.T. (in Danish). Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ "Hospitaler var centimeter fra katastrofe" [Hospitals were centimetres from catastrophe]. B.T. (in Danish). 20 September 2012. Archived from the original on 14 August 2020. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Wojcik, Oktawia. P.; Holt, J.; Kjerulf, A.; Müller, L.; Ethelberg, S.; Mølbak, K. (19 September 2012). "Personal protective equipment, hygiene behaviours and occupational risk of illness after July 2011 flood in Copenhagen, Denmark". Epidemiology & Infection. 141 (8). Cambridge University Press: 1756–1763. doi:10.1017/S0950268812002038. PMC 9151619. PMID 22989427. S2CID 28349439.
- ^ Birch, Therese Rokkjær (21 July 2011). "62-årig er død af farlig rottesygdom" [62-year-old has died of dangerous rat disease]. Danish Broadcasting Corporation (in Danish). Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ "Død af rottesygdom efter skybrud" [Death from rat disease after cloudburst]. TV 2 (in Danish). 21 July 2011. Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ "WHO/Europe headquarters in Copenhagen closed due to flooding". World Health Organization. 4 July 2011. Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Gerdes, Justin (31 October 2012). "What Copenhagen Can Teach Cities About Adapting To Climate Change". Forbes. Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ "Skybrud kostede 4,88 mia. kr" [Cloudburst cost 4.88 billion krone]. TV 2 (in Danish). 18 April 2012. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ "Kastellet er blevet slemt beskadiget af oversvømmelser" [Kastellet has been badly damaged by floods]. Danish Broadcasting Corporation. 3 July 2011. Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ Hvass, Anders; Johansen, Mathias Ørsborg (4 July 2011). "Sådan er trafikken ramt af skybruddet" [This is how the traffic is affected by the cloudburst]. Berlingske (in Danish). Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
- ^ "Copenhagen joins UNISDR campaign after '1,000-year' flood". United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction. 24 May 2012. Archived from the original on 22 May 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2021.
External links
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